{"id":2585,"date":"2025-01-21T16:22:50","date_gmt":"2025-01-21T15:22:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/revuedestemps.com\/?p=2585"},"modified":"2025-01-24T16:26:04","modified_gmt":"2025-01-24T15:26:04","slug":"leurope-affiche-une-croissance-a-plusieurs-vitesses","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/revuedestemps.com\/index.php\/2025\/01\/21\/leurope-affiche-une-croissance-a-plusieurs-vitesses\/","title":{"rendered":"L’Europe affiche une croissance \u00e0 plusieurs vitesses."},"content":{"rendered":"

Le 2 janvier 2025 Standard & Poor\u2019s[1]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>, agence de notation de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence en termes de croissance, publiait les r\u00e9sultats d\u2019une analyse qui d\u00e9voilait les indices d\u00e9finitifs concernant l\u2019industrie manufacturi\u00e8re en Europe.<\/p>\n

\u00c0 la lecture de ces derniers, on a pu constater qu\u2019elle \u00e9tait \u00e0 la peine, enregistrant une baisse de rendement continue depuis plus de deux ans avec un score de 45,1, soit bien en dessous de l\u2019indice de stagnation (qui se situe autour de 50). \u00c0 l\u2019inverse, les industries des secteurs num\u00e9rique[2]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>, pharmaceutique[3]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup> et a\u00e9ronautique[4]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup> poursuivent leur croissance en Europe, notamment en France, et op\u00e8rent leur phase de transition pour les plus r\u00e9centes.<\/p>\n

Ce constat met en relief une disparit\u00e9 dans la prosp\u00e9rit\u00e9 des diff\u00e9rents secteurs \u00e9conomiques au sein du continent europ\u00e9en.<\/p>\n

Cet \u00e9tat de fait au niveau du secteur manufacturier peut ais\u00e9ment s\u2019expliquer par la baisse des exportations, notamment en Allemagne[5]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>. \u00c0 l\u2019heure o\u00f9 les \u00e9lections l\u00e9gislatives anticip\u00e9es sont attendues pour le mois de f\u00e9vrier[6]<\/a><\/sup>[7]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>, de l\u2019autre c\u00f4t\u00e9 du Rhin, Berlin souffle les bougies de la fin de son miracle \u00e9conomique. Volkswagen a annonc\u00e9, fin d\u00e9cembre 2024, la suppression de 35 000 postes d\u2019ici \u00e0 2030, tandis que ThyssenKrupp, leader de la sid\u00e9rurgie, table sur 11 000.<\/p>\n

Celle-ci est la cons\u00e9quence de plusieurs facteurs : menaces de renforcement des droits de douane concernant les exportations vers les \u00c9tats-Unis, comme promis par la nouvelle administration Trump[8]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>, ainsi qu\u2019une instabilit\u00e9 g\u00e9opolitique pr\u00e9gnante. La guerre en Ukraine a particuli\u00e8rement touch\u00e9 l\u2019\u00e9conomie allemande : la fin de la livraison du gaz russe en est une cause. Quant aux autres conflits qui secouent le monde, ils rendent propices l\u2019application de mesures protectionnistes, r\u00e9duisant de fait les exportations europ\u00e9ennes.<\/p>\n

Seules l\u2019Espagne et la Gr\u00e8ce semblent tirer leur \u00e9pingle du jeu en maintenant leurs indices aux alentours de 53. On note aussi une disparit\u00e9 dans l\u2019industrie manufacturi\u00e8re entre le Nord et le Sud de l\u2019Europe, exception faite de l\u2019Italie, qui suit l\u2019exemple de ses homologues fran\u00e7ais et allemands.<\/p>\n

Selon l\u2019expert en \u00e9conomie Nicolas Ravailhe[9]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>, il s\u2019agit de la cons\u00e9quence d\u2019une phase de transition industrielle qui semble s\u2019op\u00e9rer pour les pays du Nord de l\u2019Europe. Le Sud semble \u00eatre sur la m\u00eame voie, mais avec quelques ann\u00e9es de retard dues \u00e0 des in\u00e9galit\u00e9s syst\u00e9miques et historiques.<\/p>\n

En effet, des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s pharmaceutiques fran\u00e7aises, comme Sanofi, affichent une croissance record \u00e0 deux chiffres[10]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>, alors que le secteur du num\u00e9rique ne cesse d\u2019op\u00e9rer une marge de progression favorable depuis dix ans. Celle-ci commence \u00e0 peine \u00e0 se stabiliser, un marqueur de stabilit\u00e9 et de p\u00e9rennit\u00e9 selon l\u2019OCDE[11]<\/a><\/sup><\/sup>.<\/p>\n

Si l\u2019industrie manufacturi\u00e8re en Europe est en d\u00e9clin, signe qu\u2019elle doit repenser son organisation, il en est autrement concernant le reste des secteurs industriels \u00e9voqu\u00e9s, qui prosp\u00e8rent depuis plusieurs ann\u00e9es. L\u2019\u00e9quilibre entre ceux-ci d\u00e9pend des actions qui seront men\u00e9es par la suite afin que tous avancent de concert, sur une m\u00eame pente ascendante.<\/p>\n

Gaspard Rambel<\/h4>\n
    \n
  1. https:\/\/www.lesechos.fr\/monde\/europe\/lindustrie-europeenne-senfonce-dans-la-crise-2140176<\/a> \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. https:\/\/numeum.fr\/conference-semestrielle\/tendances-et-perspectives-numeriques-bilan-2023-et-prevision-2024-pour-le#:~:text=Le%20num%C3%A9rique%20conserve%20une%20croissance,avec%20%2B5%2C8%25<\/a>. \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. https:\/\/pharmaceutiques.com\/actualites\/economie\/marche-pharmaceutique-croissance-perenne-jusquen-2027\/#:~:text=L’Europe%20s’inscrit%20dans,dans%20son%20panorama%20annuel%20I360<\/a> \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. https:\/\/www.techniques-ingenieur.fr\/actualite\/articles\/la-filiere-aeronautique-boosteur-de-la-croissance-francaise-134434\/<\/a> \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  5. https:\/\/www.dna.fr\/economie\/2024\/12\/16\/exportations-en-baisse-emplois-menaces-l-economie-allemande-dans-la-tourmente<\/a> \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  6. https:\/\/www.leclubdesjuristes.com\/international\/elections-au-bundestag-cest-quoi-la-proportionnelle-a-lallemande-8904\/<\/a> \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  7. https:\/\/www.ifri.org\/fr\/elections-federales-lallemagne-en-quete-de-stabilite<\/a> \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  8. https:\/\/www.lecho.be\/les-marches\/actu\/general\/vers-eds-tarifs-douaniers-moins-importants-que-prevu-aux-etats-unis\/10581370.html<\/a> \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  9. https:\/\/variances.eu\/?p=4635<\/a> \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  10. https:\/\/www.sanofi.com\/fr\/media-room\/communiques-de-presse\/2024\/2024-10-25-05-30-00-2969234<\/a> \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n
  11. https:\/\/www.consilium.europa.eu\/fr\/policies\/a-digital-future-for-europe\/#:~:text=Une%20%C3%A9conomie%20en%20croissance&text=la%20valeur%20de%20l’%C3%A9conomie,grimpera%20de%2057%20%25%20%C3%A0%2065%20%25<\/a> \u2191<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Le 2 janvier 2025 Standard & Poor\u2019s[1], agence de notation de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence en termes de croissance, publiait les r\u00e9sultats d\u2019une analyse qui d\u00e9voilait les indices d\u00e9finitifs concernant l\u2019industrie manufacturi\u00e8re en Europe. \u00c0 la lecture de ces derniers, on a pu constater qu\u2019elle \u00e9tait \u00e0 la peine, enregistrant une baisse de rendement continue depuis plus de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2583,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[41],"class_list":["post-2585","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politique","tag-janvier"],"yoast_head":"\nL'Europe affiche une croissance \u00e0 plusieurs vitesses. - Revue des Temps<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/revuedestemps.com\/index.php\/2025\/01\/21\/leurope-affiche-une-croissance-a-plusieurs-vitesses\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"L'Europe affiche une croissance \u00e0 plusieurs vitesses. - Revue des Temps\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Le 2 janvier 2025 Standard & Poor\u2019s[1], agence de notation de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence en termes de croissance, publiait les r\u00e9sultats d\u2019une analyse qui d\u00e9voilait les indices d\u00e9finitifs concernant l\u2019industrie manufacturi\u00e8re en Europe. \u00c0 la lecture de ces derniers, on a pu constater qu\u2019elle \u00e9tait \u00e0 la peine, enregistrant une baisse de rendement continue depuis plus de […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/revuedestemps.com\/index.php\/2025\/01\/21\/leurope-affiche-une-croissance-a-plusieurs-vitesses\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Revue des Temps\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-01-21T15:22:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-01-24T15:26:04+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/revuedestemps.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/IMG-20250124-WA0007.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2048\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1152\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Gaspard Rambel\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Gaspard Rambel\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/revuedestemps.com\/index.php\/2025\/01\/21\/leurope-affiche-une-croissance-a-plusieurs-vitesses\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/revuedestemps.com\/index.php\/2025\/01\/21\/leurope-affiche-une-croissance-a-plusieurs-vitesses\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Gaspard Rambel\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/revuedestemps.com\/#\/schema\/person\/5dd0a03a675e44a338960d747e469d8f\"},\"headline\":\"L’Europe affiche une croissance \u00e0 plusieurs vitesses.\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-01-21T15:22:50+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-01-24T15:26:04+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/revuedestemps.com\/index.php\/2025\/01\/21\/leurope-affiche-une-croissance-a-plusieurs-vitesses\/\"},\"wordCount\":655,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/revuedestemps.com\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/revuedestemps.com\/index.php\/2025\/01\/21\/leurope-affiche-une-croissance-a-plusieurs-vitesses\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/revuedestemps.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/IMG-20250124-WA0007.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Janvier\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Politique\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/revuedestemps.com\/index.php\/2025\/01\/21\/leurope-affiche-une-croissance-a-plusieurs-vitesses\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/revuedestemps.com\/index.php\/2025\/01\/21\/leurope-affiche-une-croissance-a-plusieurs-vitesses\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/revuedestemps.com\/index.php\/2025\/01\/21\/leurope-affiche-une-croissance-a-plusieurs-vitesses\/\",\"name\":\"L'Europe affiche une croissance \u00e0 plusieurs vitesses. - 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